O GÊNERO “DEBATE NÃO MEDIADO” E A POLARIZAÇÃO POLÍTICA

UMA ANÁLISE BAKHTINIANA

Abstract

This paper seeks to analyze the argumentative interactions of two debaters in a debate recorded on video and published on YouTube by the Spotniks channel, entitled “He suspects Covid-19 vaccines. She is a scientist from Butantan. We put the two of them to talk”, evidencing the functioning of the discursive genre “unmediated debate” (BAKHTIN, 2016) and its implications for the argumentative dynamics in a controversial context, under the prism of Dialogic Discourse Analysis (BAKHTIN, 2015; VOESE, 2021; VOLOCHINOV, 2017) and contemporary sociology and political science (BAUMAN, 2003; DEMO, 2008). The relevance of this work is justified by the emergence of successive crises in the Brazilian democratic environment, contaminated both in the dimension of institutional policy and of public debate, mainly due to the intensification of the processes of generalized disinformation (fake news) and political polarization, especially in virtual environments (MACHADO; MISKOLCI, 2019). Regarding the methodology, we opted for the transcription and subsequent analysis of an excerpt from the debate in two dimensions: in the textuality of the discursive utterances, commented point by point, and in the macrostructural dimension of the discursive interaction, contextualized to the problematic contours that characterize the national public debate. The analysis points out the strength of the “unmediated debate” genre and the productivity of the argumentative interaction analyzed, when circumscribed by the striking features of the genre in question.