Orientações de proteção radiológica pós-terapia para pacientes submetidos à radioiodoterapia: uma revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22481/rsc.v18i3.10918Palavras-chave:
Medicina Nuclear, Proteção Radiológica, Radioisótopos de Iodo, Radioterapia, Legislação VigenteResumo
Resumo
A Radioiodoterapia é um método terapêutico que de forma eficaz utiliza o NaI-131 no tratamento de doenças benignas. Este radiofármaco possui meia-vida de 8,02 dias, para este período ao paciente e a seus familiares devem ser disponibilizadas orientações que mantenham a dose do público inferior aos limites recomendados. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar onde, de que forma e em qual direção ocorrem as publicações direcionadas ao período de isolamento domiciliar para pacientes submetidos à radioiodoterapia. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa na base de dados SCOPUS com as palavras-chave. Foi realizada a leitura dos resumos e posterior classificação de acordo com o tema e disponibilidade do texto na íntegra. Foram listados 45 artigos destes 26 foram elegíveis, com origem predominantemente dos Estados Unidos (7), China, Irã e Reino Unido, 7 (3 cada), tendo a maior parte das publicações ocorrido nos anos de 2014 (4) e 2006 (3). É unânime a opinião de que as instruções existentes se corretamente seguidas são suficientes para manter o público em segurança. Quanto à direção, a grande maioria se destina a medir e avaliar a exposição dos familiares no ambiente doméstico. A questão mais discutida é a formulação de orientações a partir de taxas de dose instantânea ou retenção de iodo, considerando os interesses ou as condições socioeconômicas de cada paciente e os estudos que confrontam o valor da dose recebida por familiares mediante uso de dosímetro.
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