DIRECTRICES PARA LA PROTECCIÓN RADIOLÓGICA DESPUÉS DE LA TERAPIA PARA PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A RADIOIODOTERAPIA: uma revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22481/rsc.v21i1.11222Palabras clave:
Medicina nuclear, Protección radiológica, Radioisótopos de yodo, Radioterapia, Legislación vigenteResumen
La terapia con yodo radiactivo es un método terapéutico que utiliza de forma eficaz el NaI-131 en el tratamiento de enfermedades benignas. Este radiofármaco tiene una vida media de 8,02 días, para este período se deben poner a disposición del paciente y sus familiares pautas para mantener la dosis pública por debajo de los límites recomendados. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar dónde, de qué manera y en qué dirección se producen las publicaciones dirigidas al período de aislamiento domiciliario de los pacientes en tratamiento con yodo radiactivo. Se realizó una revisión integradora en la base de datos SCOPUS con las palabras clave, lectura de los resúmenes y posterior clasificación según la temática y disponibilidad del texto completo. Se enumeraron 45 artículos, de los cuales 26 fueron elegibles, originarios predominantemente de los Estados Unidos (7), China, Irán y el Reino Unido, 7 (3 cada uno), con la mayoría de las publicaciones ocurriendo en los años 2014 (4) y 2006 (3 ). La opinión es unánime de que las instrucciones existentes, si se siguen correctamente, son suficientes para mantener la seguridad del público. En cuanto a la dirección, la gran mayoría está destinada a medir y evaluar la exposición de los miembros de la familia en el entorno del hogar. El tema más discutido es la formulación de guías basadas en tasas de dosis instantáneas o retención de yodo, considerando los intereses o condiciones socioeconómicas de cada paciente y estudios que comparen el valor de la dosis recibida por los familiares utilizando un dosímetro.
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