ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OBESITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
A NARRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22481/rsc.v16i4.18262Palabras clave:
Obesidade, Doenças Cardiovasculares, Doença Arterial Coronariana, HipertensãoResumen
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), focusing on coronary artery disease (CAD) and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). This is a narrative literature review that examined the pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies associated with obesity and its cardiovascular consequences. The findings indicate that obesity significantly contributes to the development of CVD, mainly through chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Increased visceral fat is directly associated with heightened inflammatory response, vascular injury, and progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, factors such as physical inactivity, poor diet, and genetic predisposition exacerbate these conditions. The review highlights that regular physical exercise and the adoption of balanced dietary patterns, such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) and Mediterranean diets, are effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Pharmacological approaches, including statins and beta-blockers, also play a relevant role in managing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Descargas
Citas
Polanczyk CA. Epidemiologia das Doenças Cardiovasculares no Brasil: A Verdade Escondida nos Números. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2020;115(2):161–162; doi: 10.36660/abc.20200793.
Précoma DB, Oliveira GMM de, Simão AF, et al. Updated Cardiovascular Prevention Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2019; doi: 10.5935/abc.20190204.
Barroso WKS, Rodrigues CIS, Bortolotto LA, et al. Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial – 2020. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2021;116(3):516–658; doi: 10.36660/abc.20201238.
Mancini MC. Tratado de Obesidade. 2nd ed. Guanabara Koogan: Rio de Janeiro, RJ; 2015.
Silva NI da, Sobrinho HM da R, Blanch GT, et al. Adipocinas e sua relação com a obesidade. Vevista de Ciências Ambientais e Saúde 2019;46:53–64; doi: 10.18224/evs.v46i1.7179.
WHO W health organization. Obesity and Overweight. 2024. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight [Last accessed: 2/16/2025].
Coelho AC, Lopes J de L, Santos VB, et al. Risk factors of coronary artery disease in family members living with acute coronary patients. REME: Revista Mineira de Enfermagem 2016;20(3 Supl 3); doi: 10.5935/1415-2762.20160033.
Maldonado CM, Silva ACR, Pereira KA, et al. Associação entre fatores de risco cardiovasculares e a presença de doença arterial coronariana. Archivos de Medicina (Manizales) 2019;19(2); doi: 10.30554/archmed.19.2.3105.2019.
Moreira NF, Muraro AP, Brito F dos SB, et al. Obesidade: principal fator de risco para hipertensão arterial sistêmica em adolescentes brasileiros participantes de um estudo de coorte. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 2013;57(7):520–526; doi:
1590/S0004-27302013000700004.
Vincent HK, Vincent KR, Lamb KM. Obesity and mobility disability in the older adult. Obesity Reviews 2010;11(8):568–579; doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00703.x.
Rother ET. Revisão sistemática X revisão narrativa. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem 2007;20(2):5–6; doi: 10.1590/S0103-21002007000200001.
Cronin P, Ryan F, Coughlan M. Undertaking a literature review: a step-by-step approach. British Journal of Nursing 2008;17(1):38–43; doi: 10.12968/bjon.2008.17.1.28059.
Baethge C, Goldbeck-Wood S, Mertens S. SANRA—a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles. Res Integr Peer Rev 2019;4(1):5; doi: 10.1186/s41073-019-0064-8.
Santana AH, Farias AFN, Véras RFO, et al. Doença Arterial Coronariana: Causas, diagnóstico e abordagens terapêuticas. Journal of Medical and Biosciences Research 2024;1(2):20–30; doi: 10.70164/jmbr.v1i2.9.
Oliveira GMM de, Brant LCC, Polanczyk CA, et al. Estatística Cardiovascular – Brasil 2021. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2022;118(1):115–373; doi: 10.36660/abc.20211012.
Rocha CP da, Oliveira LC de. Identificação de fatores de risco em família com prevalência da doença arterial coronariana. Cadernos Da Escola De Saúde 2017;1(7):170–184.
Gomes F, Telo DF, Souza HP, et al. Obesidade e doença arterial coronariana: papel da inflamação vascular. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2010;94(2):273–279; doi: 10.1590/S0066-782X2010000200021.
Carbone S, Canada JM, Billingsley HE, et al. Obesity paradox in cardiovascular disease: where do we stand? Vascular Health and Risk Management 2019;Volume 15:89–100; doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S168946.
Krittanawong C, Khawaja M, Virk HUH, et al. Strategies for chronic coronary disease: A brief guide for clinicians. npj Cardiovascular Health 2024;1(1):6; doi: 10.1038/s44325-024-00006-w.
Albuquerque ALC, Silva ALRMF, Rezende AR, et al. Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica: uma revisão abrangente de epidemiologia, etiologia, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e manejo. Brazilian Journal of Health and Biological Science 2024;1(1):1–20.
Hall JE. Tratado de Fisiologia Médica. 13th ed. Elsevier: Rio de Janeiro; 2017.
Cunha CLPD. Hipertensão Induzida pela Obesidade. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2023;120(7):e20230391; doi: 10.36660/abc.20230391.
Lim K, Jackson KL, Sata Y, et al. Factors Responsible for Obesity-Related Hypertension. Current Hypertension Reports 2017;19(7):53; doi: 10.1007/s11906-017-0750-1.
Frigolet ME, Torres N, Tovar AR. The renin–angiotensin system in adipose tissue and its metabolic consequences during obesity. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2013;24(12):2003–2015; doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.07.002.
Ferreira SD, Carballo FP, Sousa FF de, et al. Prevalência e fatores associados ao sobrepeso/obesidade e à hipertensão arterial sistêmica em crianças da rede privada de ensino de Divinópolis/MG. Cadernos Saúde Coletiva 2015;23(3):289–297; doi: 10.1590/1414-462X201400060082.
Dias BF, Salbego JEA, Ribeiro B de M, et al. OBESIDADE INFANTIL E ADOLESCENTE E SAÚDE MENTAL: IMPACTOS E FATORES PSICOSSOCIAIS. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences 2024;6(7):3102–3109; doi: 10.36557/2674-8169.2024v6n7p3102-3109.
Mártires MAR, Costa MAM, Santos CSV. Obesidade em idosos com hipertensão arterial sistémica. Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 2013;22(3):797–803; doi: 10.1590/S0104-07072013000300028.
Mugisha EK. Management and Therapeutic Intervention for Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review. IDOSR JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCES 2024;9(3):12–16; doi: 10.59298/IDOSRJAS/2024/9.3.121600.
Yang Y, Na X, Cai S, et al. Comparative effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for prehypertension: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. American Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2025;23:101045; doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101045.
Dinamarco N, Dinamarco M, Figueiredo VN, et al. Hipertensão resistente: problema clínico relevante. SaúdeCom 2011;7(1):58–74.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Saúde.com

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
