Citomegalovírus: uma revisão da patogenia, epidemiologia e diagnóstico da infecção
Palabras clave:
citomegalovírus, fatores de risco, transfusão sanguínea, infecção congênitaResumen
O Citomegalovírus (CMV) é um β-herpesvírus humano ubíquo e de alta prevalência em todo o mundo. A transmissão ocorre através do contato com fluidos biológicos, como: saliva, sêmen, secreção vaginal, urina e leite materno, bem como por via transplacentária, transfusão sanguínea ou transplante de órgãos. A maioria dos indivíduos infectados pelo CMV permanece assintomática, entretanto, alguns pacientes, principalmente os imunossuprimidos, podem desenvolver infecção com sinais clínicos graves, a exemplo dos transplantados, HIV positivos, recém-nascidos ou leucêmicos. Esta revisão objetiva, entre outras coisas, discutir a patogenia e destacar pontos importantes da imunologia e do diagnóstico da infecção por CMV.
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