Perceptions of harm reduction strategies among users of the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs

Abstract

Chemical dependency is a significant public health issue. Harm Reduction (HR) strategies are being adopted as valid alternatives to minimize health risks and promote a better quality of life for individuals facing challenges with abstinence. Employing an interdisciplinary approach, this study integrates knowledge from Psychology and Biomedicine to understand the participants' lived experiences. The research is justified by the urgent need to move beyond punitive approaches and propose interventions that are more humanized and tailored to the realities of people who use psychoactive substances. This article aims to analyze the perceptions held by users of the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS AD) regarding the efficacy of HR strategies, focusing on a holistic dimension. The research seeks to contribute to comprehensive care that takes into account the biopsychosocial aspects of chemical dependency. This is a qualitative study conducted through semi-structured interviews with individuals receiving care at CAPS AD. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique, and the project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The results indicated that, although most participants were unfamiliar with the term "harm reduction," many were already adopting practices aligned with this approach, noting improvements in various aspects of their daily lives. The discussion highlights the importance of integrated, person-centered strategies that address biopsychosocial aspects in the treatment of chemical dependency. The spontaneous presence of HR practices among participants reinforces their effectiveness as a care strategy. The perception of CAPS AD as a welcoming space—contrasted with criticism of authoritarian therapeutic communities—underscores the importance of strengthening public policies aligned with the principles of Psychiatric Reform. The study advocates for interventions that respect individual uniqueness, integrate interdisciplinary knowledge, and foster personal agency in the creation of more autonomous and dignified life plans.