Alfabetización sanitaria de las mujeres que se someten a la prueba de Papanicolaou en atención primaria.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22481/rsc.v22i2.19038Palabras clave:
Alfabetización en salud, Mujeres, Ciocalización vaginal, Atención primaria de salud, Práctica clínica basada en la evidenciaResumen
Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar evidencia científica sobre el nivel de alfabetización en salud entre mujeres que se someten a la prueba de Papanicolaou en atención primaria. Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada utilizando la base de datos de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina/PubMed (PMC). Se identificaron once artículos publicados, la mayoría de 2020 (27,3%) y de Irán (18,2%). En cuanto al diseño del estudio, predominaron los estudios descriptivos (54,5%). Casi todas las publicaciones se clasificaron como evidencia de nivel VI: estudios cualitativos o descriptivos (90,9%). En cuanto al instrumento utilizado para identificar el nivel de alfabetización en salud, cuatro estudios utilizaron la encuesta KAP (conocimiento, actitud y práctica) (36,4%) y el cuestionario estructurado (36,4%), seguidos de entrevistas semiestructuradas (9,1%) y un cuestionario de alfabetización en salud (18,2%), mostrando, en su mayoría, con respecto al nivel de alfabetización en salud, conocimiento bajo (54,5%), seguido de conocimiento alto (27,3%), conocimiento medio (9,1%) y ningún conocimiento (9,1%). Se concluye que la evidencia científica identificada implica el desarrollo, la implementación y la evaluación de acciones y políticas de salud pública, por parte de enfermeras y gobiernos, que impacten la alfabetización en salud de las mujeres atendidas en atención primaria.
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