Violência contra adolescentes: fatores associados, manifestações e enfrentamento

Resumen

The objective was to identify in the literature associated factors, manifestations and strategies to deal with violence against adolescents in the school environment. This is a non-systematic literature review. The research was carried out in the VHL, LILACS, Scielo, Pubmed and Google Scholar, with the DECs for adolescent health, child health, vulnerabilities and violence. The following criteria were applied: full texts in Portuguese, English and Spanish, published between 2011 and 2018, with repeated articles discarded, unavailable for free and unrelated to the proposed theme. 55 articles were identified, 32 of which were used in the construction. The vulnerability and dependence of children and adolescents promotes the advent of violence, especially in lower socioeconomic environments, affecting the family and environmental context in which it is inserted. The consequences are often not visible, but can be perpetuated until adulthood, encompassing feelings of devaluation, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, suicidal behavior, social isolation, alcohol and drug consumption, among others. This information, plus socio-economic / cultural vulnerability factors, has devastating effects on training. There is a need for public policies that interact with the prevention and confrontation of violence in schools and the intensification of the health team regarding directed attention and care, offering physical and emotional support.