Technological convergence and health: bioethical challenges in a context of transformation

Abstract

In the 21st century, Technological Convergence (TC)—encompassing nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive sciences (NBIC)—is profoundly transforming society. As these fields integrate, they create new possibilities for science and technology, shaping humanity's future. The relationship between scientific progress and ethical risks, such as distributive justice dilemmas and privacy concerns, becomes increasingly relevant in the context of accelerated technological innovations. TC suggests a scenario where health, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence converge to transform the human body and expand its capabilities, while also raising important bioethical issues, such as equitable access to technologies and the preservation of human dignity. In times of global crisis, reflecting on these innovations and their impacts is essential to ensure that the benefits are widely shared, maintaining a balance between technological advancement and human values.