THE DEBATE BETWEEN MARXIST INTELLECTUALS ON SCIENCE, CULTURE AND CLASS STRUGGLE IN THE MID-TWENTY CENTURY

Abstract

This text analyzes the debate among Marxist intellectuals about science, culture and class struggle in the mid-twentieth century. In the context of the anti-communist policy and democratic regression in Brazil, of the intensification of the hegemonic forces of capitalism in the exploitation of natural resources and work. This conjuncture imposed the need for national defense in a particular and polarized way in artistic-cultural and scientific productions. The political positioning and the approach of the Brazilian reality became conditions to overcome the abstract, the elitism and the illusions in the intellectual productions as well as to contribute to the process of social transformation. This debate was characterized, on the one hand, as complex due to political voluntarism and clashes between Brazilian Marxist intellectuals, on the other hand, enriching and promoting an artistic-cultural and scientific leap, considering the sociocultural reality of the country and the representation of the Brazilian people.