A prática docente no ensino de Literatura na perspectiva da "Estética da Recepção"

Abstract

The present work, linked to the Institutional Teaching Initiation Grants Program (PIBID/LETRAS/UNILAB), aims to reflect on the fruition of the literary text as an alternative practice to the traditional teaching of literature. To do so, we will rely mainly on the postulates of Hans Robert Jauss (1967), on the "Aesthetics of Reception". In this research, we conjecture that the methods of teaching literature based on the receptional bias and the direct contact of the reader with the text contribute to a significant learning in literature and that the class limited only to the chronological information of the literary schools empties the effects of the literary experience. Methodologically, the work was divided into two stages: (1) realization of a "Literary Sarau", as a reflection on the day of "Black Consciousness", aiming to awaken the critical sense, in relation to racism, from a dynamic relationship between author, work and reader; (2) application of a questionnaire, structured for 105 students, about the classes of literature. After these steps, we proceeded to the conclusive data, related to the approach of the Aesthetics of Reception in the literature classes, by employing methods that provide greater contact of the reader with the literary text, highlighting its importance in the reading process.