WHY HAS ADHD BIOMEDICAL DIAGNOSIS BECOME SO DOMINANT?

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22481/praxisedu.v16i37.5980

Keywords:

ADHD, Biomedical model, Medicalization

Abstract

ADHD is today the most frequently diagnosed mental health condition among children and adolescents. The common belief is that it is a mental illness, and doctors and psychiatrists have solid scientific evidence to make the diagnosis and provide safe and effective psychopharmacological treatment. However, the scientific literature does not support this belief so widespread in our society. The article reviews the historical way in which this belief has been constructed and analyzes a scientific article that supposedly supports this way of approaching the behavioral and emotional problems of children of our times. The conclusion is that society today has no evidence to support this belief.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Michael W. Corrigan, Ohio State University - Estados Unidos

PHD em Psicologia. Professor titular da Marshall University e professor titular da Faculdade de Educação e Ecologia Humana da Ohio State University. Autor do livro Debunking ADHS: 10 Reasons to Stop Drugging Kids for Acting Like Kids, pela Ed. Rowman & Littlefield, 2014.

Robert Whitaker, Mad in America - Estados Unidos

Jornalista Investigativo. Autor de livros como: Anatomia de uma Epidemia, RJ: Editora Fiocruz, 2017; com Lisa Cosgrove, Psychiatry under Influence, Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. É o fundador e editor-chefe do site www.madinamerica.com

Fernando Freitas, Fiocruz - Brasil

Doutor em Psicologia (Université Catholique de Louvain - Bélgique).
Pesquisador titular do Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas em Psiquiatria Social e Atenção Psicossocial (LAPS/ENSP/FIOCRUZ). Coautor, com Paulo Amarante, do livro Medicalização em Psiquiatria, 2ª. edição revista, 2015. E coeditor, com Paulo Amarante, do site www.madinbrasil.org

References

A.D.D. RESOURCE CENTER. Proven, Practical Programs and Services for People Dealing with the Challenges of ADHD and Related Issues. https://www.addrc.org. Acessado em 10.9.2019.

AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II), 1962.

AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. DSM-III, 1980.

AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. DSM-III-R, 1987.

AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. DSM-IV, 1994.

¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬ AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. DSM-5, 2013.

BARKLEY, Russel. Transtorno do déficit de atenção/hiperatividade – TDAH: guia completo para pais, professores e profissionais da saúde. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2002.

BARKLEY, Russel A. Against the Status Quo: Revising the Diagnostic Criteria for ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010, vol. 49 (3): 205-207.

BRUSCHMÜLLER, Katrin; MARGROF, Jürgen; SCHNEIDER, Silvia. Is ADHD diagnosed in accord with diagnostic criteria? Overdiagnosis and influence of client gender in diagnosis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2012, vol 80 (1): 128-138.

CAREY, William B. Problems in Diagnosing Attention Activity. Pediatrics, March 1999, vol. 103 (3), 664.

CORRIGAN, Michael; WHITAKER, Robert. Lancet Psychiatry needs to retract the ADHD study. Enigma Study. www.madinamerica.com , April, 15, 2017. https://www.madinamerica.com/2017/04/lancet-psychiatry-needs-to-retract-the-adhd-enigma-study/ Acessado em 22 de setembro de 2019.

CORRIGAN, Michael. The 7 minute ADHD diagnosis. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gj5VYYMeUZk&feature=youtu.be Acessado em 18 de Outubro de 2019.

DÍAS, Alícia; JIMÉNEZ, Juan; RODRÍGUEZ, Cristina; AFONSO, Miguel; ARTILES, Ceferino. Consideraciones de los estúdios de prevalência del trastorno por déficit de atención con o sin hiperactividad (TDAH). Revista de Psicologia y Educación, 8(2), 155-170, 2013.

EPSTEIN, Jeffery; LOREN, Richard. Changes in the Definition of ADHD in DSM-5: Subtle but Important. Neuropsychiatry (London). 2013 Oct 1; 3(5): 455–458.

ESTADÃO. No Brasil, 4,4% têm déficit de atenção. https://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,no-brasil-4-4-tem-deficit-de-atencao-imp-,718134 Acessado em 10.9.2019.

FARAÓNE, Stephen ; SERGEANT, Joseph Antony; BIEDERMAN, Joseph. The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: is it an American condition? World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2(2), 104-113, 2003.

FREITAS, Fernando; AMARANTE, Paulo. Medicalização em Psiquiatria. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FIOCRUZ, 2ª. edição, 2017.

HODGKINS, Paul; DOSH, Jalpa; KAHLE, Jennifer; SIKIRICA, Vanja; CANGELOSI, Michael; SETYAWAY, Juliana; ERDER, Moshe; NEWMAN, Peter. A systematic review of global publication trends regarding long-term outeomes of ADHD. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2(JAN), 1-18, 2012.

HOOGMAN, Martine: BRAALTEN, Janita; HIBAR, Derrek; MENNES, Maarten, et. Al. Subcortical brain volume differences in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults: a cross-sectional mega-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry, vol. 4, issue 4, April 01, 2017.

SECRETARIA MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE LUZIÂNIA/GO. Artigo Material de Apoio para o Professor trabalhar com alunos com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade -TDAH, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Luziânia/GO, Divisão de Atendimento a Necessidades Educacionais Especiais, 2013.

SILVA, Ana Beatriz Barbosa. Mentes Inquietas – TDAH – Desatenção, Hiperatividade e Impulsividade, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, 2009.

STILL, George. Some abnormal psychical conditions in children – Lecture I. The Lancet, 1008-1012, 1902.

Published

2020-01-01

How to Cite

CORRIGAN, M. W.; WHITAKER, R.; FREITAS, F. WHY HAS ADHD BIOMEDICAL DIAGNOSIS BECOME SO DOMINANT?. Práxis Educacional, Vitória da Conquista, v. 16, n. 37, p. 16-33, 2020. DOI: 10.22481/praxisedu.v16i37.5980. Disponível em: https://periodicos2.uesb.br/index.php/praxis/article/view/5980. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2024.

Issue

Section

Thematic dossier